公認心理師 過去問 2024 解説付き 公認心理士 for PC

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1. What is a licensed psychologist?

・ The only national qualification for psychology to help people with mental problems
A licensed psychologist is a professional who uses psychological knowledge and skills to help people with mental health problems. It was born as the only national qualification as a psychologist by the Certified Psychologist Law enacted in 2017.

Licensed psychologists provide counseling to clients with psychological problems, analyze problems, and guide them to problem solving through advice and guidance. It also plays an important role in providing educational activities and providing information to spread knowledge about mental health.

・The difference between a certified psychologist and a clinical psychologist
Prior to the establishment of the certified psychologist, clinical psychologist was the representative qualification for psychology. Clinical psychologist is a private qualification established by the Japanese Association for Qualification of Clinical Psychologists, but it is a publicly recognized qualification, such as being adopted as a qualification requirement for school counselors under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.

However, with the establishment of the new certified psychologist, a clear segregation of occupational fields has become possible in the medical field between psychologists, including clinical psychologists, and certified psychologists. Until now, clinical psychologists have been eligible for additional medical fees as "clinical psychologists," but from 2018, this has been limited to certified psychologists*.

*According to the latest medical fee revision in 2020, from April 1, 2019, for the time being, those who meet any of the following requirements will be considered as certified psychologists.
・Persons who were engaged in insurance medical institutions as clinical psychologists as of the end of March 2019
・Those who are eligible to take the national examination for certified psychologists
At present, there are no major differences in job content or roles in fields other than medicine. Looking at the qualification requirements for job openings, it seems that there are many patterns that include “certified psychologist or clinical psychologist”.

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2. How to become a licensed psychologist?

・Certified psychologist qualification required
To work as a licensed psychologist, you must pass a national examination and obtain a licensed psychologist license.

For those who aim to acquire qualifications by attending a new university or graduate school, there are three routes to take the exam.


Those who have completed the prescribed subjects at a four-year university or vocational school and then completed the prescribed subjects at a graduate school.


Those who have completed two years or more of work experience at a designated facility (*) after completing the designated subjects at a university.


Those who have completed psychology-related subjects at an overseas university and have completed psychology-related subjects at an overseas graduate school (requires certification from the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and the Minister of Health, Labor and Welfare)

In addition, the following four routes are prepared as special measures for those who are "already working as a psychologist" or "going to university or graduate school to become a clinical psychologist".


Those who have entered a graduate school before September 15, 2017 (enforcement date of the Certified Psychologist Law) and have completed the prescribed subjects


Those who have entered a university and completed prescribed subjects before September 15, 2017 (enforcement date of the Certified Psychologist Law), and have completed prescribed subjects at a graduate school on or after September 15, 2017.


Those who have entered a university before September 15, 2017 (enforcement date of the Certified Psychologist Law), completed the prescribed courses, and have at least two years of practical experience at a prescribed facility (*1).

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3. Overview of the Licensed Psychologist Examination

The National Licensed Psychologist Examination is held once a year.

Early March to early April: Submission of application documents, etc.
Mid-July: Exam date
Late August: Announcement of successful applicants
The National Licensed Psychologist Examination is divided into morning and afternoon sessions (120 minutes each) and will be conducted in one day. The question format is a mark sheet format.

Scoring: 1 general question, 1 point, 1 case question, 3 points
Total score: 230 points maximum
Acceptance criteria: Approximately 60% of the total score (138 points) or more (corrected by the difficulty of the problem)

・Changes in the pass rate of the certified psychologist examination
The pass rate for the National Examination for Certified Psychologists over the past four years has changed as follows. The pass rate for the first test was unprecedented, at about 80%, but from the second test onwards, the pass rate has been on the rise with a pass rate in the 40% to 50% range.

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4. Job Description of Licensed Psychologists

The main duties and responsibilities of a licensed psychologist include:

・Psychological assessment (psychological assessment)
For the client's self-understanding and support, we clarify the partner's characteristics, problem situations, and issues through interviews, psychological tests, and behavior observations. Also explore how you would like to help the client.

・Psychological support
According to the client's issues clarified by the psychological assessment, various psychological therapies are performed, aiming to overcome problems and alleviate hardships. This is the core professional work of a licensed psychologist, working closely with clients to help them understand their mental state, regain their self-esteem, and heal themselves.

Typical psychological therapies include "client-centered therapy," which emphasizes listening to what the client is saying, "cognitive-behavioral therapy," which involves specific suggestions and actions, and "playing," which is mainly aimed at children. therapy”, and “art therapy” that connects self-expression such as painting and music to treatment.

・Consultation
Consultation is a process in which a certified psychologist provides psychological advice as a third party to a client's problems, leading to the prevention and early treatment of problems. For example, this includes giving advice to a boss who is worried about how to treat a subordinate with a mental illness.

・Mental health education and enlightenment
We will provide necessary information and enlightenment to help people understand mental health. For example, by teaching knowledge and skills such as how to deal with stress, how to control emotions, and how to communicate with others, we can prevent mental illness. It is also important to introduce and encourage the use of appropriate specialized institutions as necessary.

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5. The future of licensed psychologists

In today's world, where social structures and people's lifestyles are changing rapidly, the number of people with mental problems is increasing year by year. (Reference: Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare). In order to protect people's mental health, it is expected that there will be more and more situations in which psychologists are expected to play an active role.

However, while the latent needs are increasing, the working environment for psychologists has few full-time jobs, and the reality is that it is difficult to say that it is stable. In the case of medical institutions, there are only a few items that are subject to additional medical fees among the work performed by psychologists, which is one of the reasons why it is difficult to actively hire psychologists.

Under these circumstances, a certified psychologist was born as the first national qualification for psychology. This news can be said to be an expression of the expectation that psychologists will improve their social status and that their expertise will be returned to society. Let's pay attention to how the environment surrounding psychology will change in the future due to the establishment of a new certified psychologist.